--- title: "模型与机制 - AI 核心概念 - AI·外脑 | 思行致远" canonical: "https://siyuanailab.com/knowledge/ai-core/models/" dateModified: "2026-09-14T19:22:42+08:00" --- 打开 AI·外脑目录 AI·外脑 [返回专栏首页](https://siyuanailab.com/knowledge/) × 站内搜索 ⌕ 主要栏目 - [AI 核心概念](https://siyuanailab.com/knowledge/ai-core/) - [工作流](https://siyuanailab.com/knowledge/workflows/) - [工具配置与选型](https://siyuanailab.com/knowledge/toolkits/) - [信源与标准](https://siyuanailab.com/knowledge/sources/) - [场景案例 待开发](https://siyuanailab.com/knowledge/scenarios/) - [职业与能力](https://siyuanailab.com/knowledge/career/) 专题 - [从这里开始](https://siyuanailab.com/knowledge/start/) - [获取与安装](https://siyuanailab.com/knowledge/install/) - [建设日志](https://siyuanailab.com/knowledge/ops/) [AI 核心概念子目录](https://siyuanailab.com/knowledge/ai-core/) [基础概念 **9**](https://siyuanailab.com/knowledge/ai-core/foundations/) - [01-01 人工智能](https://siyuanailab.com/knowledge/ai-core/foundations/artificial-intelligence/) - [01-02 生成式 AI](https://siyuanailab.com/knowledge/ai-core/foundations/generative-ai/) - [01-03 大语言模型](https://siyuanailab.com/knowledge/ai-core/foundations/large-language-model/) - [01-05 机器学习](https://siyuanailab.com/knowledge/ai-core/foundations/machine-learning/) - [01-06 神经网络](https://siyuanailab.com/knowledge/ai-core/foundations/neural-network/) - [01-07 Transformer 架构](https://siyuanailab.com/knowledge/ai-core/foundations/transformer-architecture/) - [01-08 参数](https://siyuanailab.com/knowledge/ai-core/foundations/parameters/) - [01-09 训练数据](https://siyuanailab.com/knowledge/ai-core/foundations/training-data/) - [01-10 预训练](https://siyuanailab.com/knowledge/ai-core/foundations/pre-training/) [模型与机制 **12**](https://siyuanailab.com/knowledge/ai-core/models/) - [02-01 Token](https://siyuanailab.com/knowledge/ai-core/models/token/) - [02-02 上下文窗口](https://siyuanailab.com/knowledge/ai-core/models/context-window/) - [02-03 注意力机制](https://siyuanailab.com/knowledge/ai-core/models/attention-mechanism/) - [02-04 嵌入/向量](https://siyuanailab.com/knowledge/ai-core/models/embedding/) - [02-05 检索增强生成](https://siyuanailab.com/knowledge/ai-core/models/retrieval-augmented-generation/) - [02-06 微调](https://siyuanailab.com/knowledge/ai-core/models/fine-tuning/) - [02-07 提示词工程](https://siyuanailab.com/knowledge/ai-core/models/prompt-engineering/) - [02-09 思维链](https://siyuanailab.com/knowledge/ai-core/models/chain-of-thought/) - [02-10 推理](https://siyuanailab.com/knowledge/ai-core/models/reasoning/) - [02-11 幻觉](https://siyuanailab.com/knowledge/ai-core/models/hallucination/) - [02-12 对齐](https://siyuanailab.com/knowledge/ai-core/models/alignment/) - [02-13 温度/采样参数](https://siyuanailab.com/knowledge/ai-core/models/temperature/) [Agent 与智能体系统 **8**](https://siyuanailab.com/knowledge/ai-core/agents/) - [03-01 智能体](https://siyuanailab.com/knowledge/ai-core/agents/ai-agent/) - [03-02 多智能体系统](https://siyuanailab.com/knowledge/ai-core/agents/multi-agent-system/) - [03-04 工具调用](https://siyuanailab.com/knowledge/ai-core/agents/tool-use-function-calling/) - [03-05 记忆系统](https://siyuanailab.com/knowledge/ai-core/agents/memory-system/) - [03-06 规划能力](https://siyuanailab.com/knowledge/ai-core/agents/planning/) - [03-07 委托机制](https://siyuanailab.com/knowledge/ai-core/agents/delegation/) - [03-08 模型上下文协议](https://siyuanailab.com/knowledge/ai-core/agents/model-context-protocol/) - [03-09 智能体工作流](https://siyuanailab.com/knowledge/ai-core/agents/agentic-workflow/) [工程与架构 **7**](https://siyuanailab.com/knowledge/ai-core/engineering/) - [04-01 AI 工程学](https://siyuanailab.com/knowledge/ai-core/engineering/ai-engineering/) - [04-02 LLM 网关](https://siyuanailab.com/knowledge/ai-core/engineering/llm-gateway/) - [04-04 测试时计算](https://siyuanailab.com/knowledge/ai-core/engineering/test-time-compute/) - [04-06 上下文工程](https://siyuanailab.com/knowledge/ai-core/engineering/context-engineering/) - [04-07 Vibe Coding](https://siyuanailab.com/knowledge/ai-core/engineering/vibe-coding/) - [04-08 人参与循环](https://siyuanailab.com/knowledge/ai-core/engineering/human-in-the-loop/) - [04-09 评估方法](https://siyuanailab.com/knowledge/ai-core/engineering/evaluation-methods/) [交互与提示 **4**](https://siyuanailab.com/knowledge/ai-core/interaction/) - [05-01 系统提示词](https://siyuanailab.com/knowledge/ai-core/interaction/system-prompt/) - [05-03 少样本提示](https://siyuanailab.com/knowledge/ai-core/interaction/few-shot-prompting/) - [05-04 角色提示](https://siyuanailab.com/knowledge/ai-core/interaction/role-prompting/) - [05-05 提示词注入](https://siyuanailab.com/knowledge/ai-core/interaction/prompt-injection/) [安全与治理 **4**](https://siyuanailab.com/knowledge/ai-core/safety/) - [06-01 AI 安全](https://siyuanailab.com/knowledge/ai-core/safety/ai-safety/) - [06-03 智能体治理](https://siyuanailab.com/knowledge/ai-core/safety/agent-governance/) - [06-04 模型偏见](https://siyuanailab.com/knowledge/ai-core/safety/model-bias/) - [06-05 数据隐私](https://siyuanailab.com/knowledge/ai-core/safety/data-privacy/) Models & Mechanisms # 模型与机制 理解模型如何学习、表示、生成和推理 共 12 张词条卡片 模型与机制词条列表 | 编号 | 词条 | 英文名 | 一句话摘要 | 标签 | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 02-01 | [Token](https://siyuanailab.com/knowledge/ai-core/models/token/) | Token | 模型处理文本时的基本片段，可能是一个字、词、词根、标点或代码片段。 | Token上下文成本 | | 02-02 | [上下文窗口](https://siyuanailab.com/knowledge/ai-core/models/context-window/) | Context Window | 模型一次对话或调用中能看到的输入与历史内容总容量。 | 上下文窗口ContextLLM | | 02-03 | [注意力机制](https://siyuanailab.com/knowledge/ai-core/models/attention-mechanism/) | Attention Mechanism | 让模型在处理某个位置时，动态关注输入中更相关部分的机制。 | 注意力机制Transformer模型机制 | | 02-04 | [嵌入/向量](https://siyuanailab.com/knowledge/ai-core/models/embedding/) | Embedding | 把文本、图片或其他对象转成数字向量，让机器能比较它们的语义距离。 | Embedding向量语义搜索 | | 02-05 | [检索增强生成](https://siyuanailab.com/knowledge/ai-core/models/retrieval-augmented-generation/) | Retrieval-Augmented Generation | 先从外部资料中检索相关内容，再把检索结果交给模型生成回答的方法。 | RAG检索增强生成知识库 | | 02-06 | [微调](https://siyuanailab.com/knowledge/ai-core/models/fine-tuning/) | Fine-tuning | 在已有模型基础上，用特定数据继续训练，让模型更适合某类任务或风格。 | 微调模型训练LLM | | 02-07 | [提示词工程](https://siyuanailab.com/knowledge/ai-core/models/prompt-engineering/) | Prompt Engineering | 通过设计输入、指令、示例和约束，让模型更稳定地完成任务的方法。 | Prompt Engineering提示词交互 | | 02-09 | [思维链](https://siyuanailab.com/knowledge/ai-core/models/chain-of-thought/) | Chain-of-Thought | 通过引导模型分步骤推理，提升复杂问题求解表现的方法。 | CoT思维链推理 | | 02-10 | [推理](https://siyuanailab.com/knowledge/ai-core/models/reasoning/) | Reasoning | 模型把已知信息连接起来，进行多步判断、归纳、演绎或规划的能力。 | 推理ReasoningLLM | | 02-11 | [幻觉](https://siyuanailab.com/knowledge/ai-core/models/hallucination/) | Hallucination | 模型生成了看起来可信、但事实不准确或没有依据的内容。 | 幻觉可靠性LLM风险 | | 02-12 | [对齐](https://siyuanailab.com/knowledge/ai-core/models/alignment/) | Alignment | 让模型行为更符合人类意图、价值、安全边界和任务要求的训练与约束过程。 | 对齐AlignmentAI安全 | | 02-13 | [温度/采样参数](https://siyuanailab.com/knowledge/ai-core/models/temperature/) | Temperature | 控制模型生成随机性和多样性的参数，温度越高通常越发散。 | Temperature采样参数生成控制 |